This review comprehensively examines key principles of design modifications and energy storage in SAHs to enhance thermal performance, focusing on storage materials, system designs, and performance factors. . This technology strategy assessment on thermal energy storage, released as part of the Long-Duration Storage Shot, contains the findings from the Storage Innovations (SI) 2030 strategic initiative. The objective of SI 2030 is to develop specific and quantifiable research, development, and. . is a key enabler in the shift toward cleaner and more efficient energy systems. It allows surplus thermal energy—sourced from heat or cold environments— o be stored and retrieved when needed, enhancing energy management flexibility.. . Department of Building Services Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timisoara, Piata Victoriei, No. 2A, 300006 Timisoara, Romania Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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